With a view of increasing the productivity and production of rice in the country, which in turn will help improving global trade, the Government of India has been implementing several crop development programmes, as per the written information provided by Harish Rawat, Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Processing Industries.
The National food Security Mission - Rice (NFSM-Rice), Integrated Cereals Development Programme in Rice Based Cropping Systems Areas under Macro Management of Agriculture, Bringing Green Revolution in Eastern India - a sub scheme of Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) are some of the initiatives undertaken by the government for increasing the productivity and production of rice. Besides, Indian council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) also undertakes research programmes to increase the production and productivity of rice through development of high yielding varieties and hybrids having high yield potential and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses.
For the year 2010 the productivity of rice in terms of paddy was 3,264 kg per hectare in India against world’s average productivity of 4,374 kg per hectare, as per the report compiled by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). This less production can be attributed to small and fragmented land holdings, lack of irrigation facilities, improper use of nutrients and pest management, low replacement rate of seed, low mechanization etc.
India is the second largest producer and consumer of rice in the world and 22.4% of the gross cropped area in the country is been occupied by rice. Rice is the staple food for two third population of the country. During 2011-12, rice trade in the global market was about 7 million tones (provisional).
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