The Finance Ministry, in its Monthly Economic Review (MER), has said that an intensifying El Nino, which is expected to peak in late 2026, warrants a cautious outlook on domestic food inflation and agricultural output, including the upcoming rabi crops, particularly wheat and mustard. The ministry flagged the external environment as the key source of uncertainty and said that, going forward, there is a need to closely track three global developments: the sovereign bond market worldwide; the potential rise in the global average inflation rate due to higher prices of electronic goods and food items; and investment capital flows from across the world, including developed nations.
It said the domestic economy retained its vigour during August. Domestic demand remained strong, while the external sector remained stable. However, food prices, weather conditions and global uncertainties will need to be closely monitored in the coming months. It added that the global economy remains uncertain due to variations in growth, oil prices and interest-rate policies. Despite these external risks, India's economic activity, inflation and external position have remained relatively stable. Domestic economic activity remains steady, with resilient domestic demand providing support amid some moderation in the pace of expansion. As per data released on August 31, the Indian economy grew 7.8 per cent in the April-June quarter, higher than the RBI's 7 per cent projection.
Going forward, it said easing cost pressures and firm demand conditions are expected to support economic activity, although the external environment remains a key source of uncertainty. The emergence and persistence of El Nino conditions, with El Nino assessed as the dominant phase through March 2027, warrant close monitoring given their implications for rainfall, crop outcomes and food inflation. Kharif sowing has gained momentum following the intensification of monsoon rains across large parts of the country, although acreage remains below last year's level.
With regard to the external market, the report said the external sector remains well-positioned to absorb pressures arising from changing global trade dynamics and volatile global financial conditions. While the current account deficit widened marginally in Q1 FY27, the subsequent recovery in capital flows, a resilient services surplus and comfortable foreign exchange reserves provide important buffers against external developments. India's continued engagement through BRICS, including initiatives to expand intra-BRICS trade, strengthen MSME participation in international markets and build resilient global value chains, is expected to support export diversification and market access. It added that, taken together, these developments provide a supportive foundation for maintaining external sector stability, even as global uncertainties persist.
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