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RBI issues norms to set up small banks, payments banks

28 Nov 2014 Evaluate

In a move to expand banking services to more people and small businesses, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued final guidelines for companies seeking to set up payments banks and small finance banks.

According to RBI’s guidelines, companies seeking to set up these two new categories of banks would need minimum Rs 100 crore of capital and fulfill the necessary 'fit and proper' criteria, among other conditions. Existing NBFCs and micro finance lenders would be allowed to set up small finance banks, while other large state-run entities and business houses barred to establish such banking entities. Meanwhile, central bank allowed corporate houses, including telecom players, business correspondents, PSU companies, real sector cooperatives and supermarket chains to set up payment banks, and also gave them the option of forming joint ventures with commercial banks. 

Small finance banks are aimed at lending to unserved and underserved sections including small business units. On the other hand, payments banks can accept deposits and remittances but cannot provide loans. The RBI’s notification highlighted that such banks must maintain cash reserve ratio (CRR) and should keep 75 percent of their deposits in SLR up to 1 year maturity. Moreover, these banks need to keep maximum 25 percent as deposits with other banks for operational use. Under the new norms for payments banks, the minimum paid-up equity capital is Rs 100 crore and the leverage ratio should not be less than 3 percent. Liabilities must not exceed net worth by 33.3x and the promoters must hold 40 percent of equity for the first 5 years. The RBI further noted that foreign holding should be as per FDI policy for private banks and they must have a high-powered customer grievances cell.

Further, such banks will initially be restricted to holding a maximum balance of Rs 1 lakh per individual customer and will be allowed to issue ATM/debit cards and also other prepaid payment instruments, but not credit cards. Companies will have to apply by January 16, 2015, for licences in both categories, and the central bank said it would consider more applications at a later stage.

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