India has come down by 10 places to rank 68th in the annual Global Competitiveness Index compiled by Geneva-based World Economic Forum (WEF) from 58th rank earlier. It is mainly due to improvements witnessed by several other economies. The WEF added that the country is among the worst-performing BRICS nations along with Brazil (ranked even lower than India at 71st this year). Though, Singapore has replaced the US as the world’s most competitive economy.
The Forum said India ranks high in terms of macroeconomic stability and market size, while its financial sector is relatively deep and stable despite the high delinquency rate, which contributes to weakening the soundness of its banking system. The country is ranked also high at 15th place in terms of corporate governance, while it is ranked second globally for shareholder governance. In terms of the market size, India is ranked third, while it has got the same rank for renewable energy regulation.
The report showed that India also punches above its development status when it comes to innovation, which is well ahead of most emerging economies and on par with several advanced economies. But, these positive metrics contrast with major shortcomings in some of the basic enablers of competitiveness in case of India, while flagging limited ICT (information, communications and technology) adoption, poor health conditions and low healthy life expectancy. It said the healthy life expectancy, where India has been ranked 109th out of total the 141 countries surveyed for the index, is one of the shortest outside Africa and significantly below the South Asian average.
Besides, it said the country needs to grow its skills base, while its product market efficiency is undermined by a lack of trade openness and the labour market is characterised by a lack of worker rights’ protections, insufficiently developed active labour market policies and critically low participation of women. With a ratio of female workers to male workers of 0.26, India has been ranked very low at 128th place. India is also ranked low at 118th in terms of meritocracy and incentivisation and at 107th place for skills. In the overall ranking, India is followed by some of its neighbours including Sri Lanka at 84th place, Bangladesh at 105th, Nepal at 108th and Pakistan at 110th place.
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